Réseau Interdisciplinaire pour l'Aménagement du Territoire Européen
Présentation
Le Réseau interdisciplinaire pour l’aménagement et la cohésion des territoires de l’Europe et de ses voisinages (RIATE) a pour objet le soutien aux recherches portant sur l’aménagement du territoire européen. Sous tutelle du CGET (ex DATAR), du CNRS et de l’Université Paris Diderot, cette unité mixte de service est créée en 2002 et constitue un objet singulier dans le paysage français de la recherche en sciences humaines et sociales, tant par son objet que par les moyens mis à sa disposition et les résultats obtenus.
Le RIATE assume le rôle de point de contact français du programme européen ESPON. Lien entre les mondes scientifique et politique, il met au point des outils intégrés et innovants et soutient des projets de recherche en réseau.
Ainsi, le RIATE a développé une connaissance fine des problématiques de l’aménagement du territoire, une expertise en management de projets européens, ainsi que des savoir-faire en géomatique (Outils cartographiques; Outils statistiques et Base de données; Fonds de carte; Cartothèque).
Créée en 2002, le RIATE n’a eu de cesse de développer ses objets vers un élargissement du périmètre géographique d’étude (de l’Union européenne aux pays du voisinage) et du domaine scientifique (du programme ESPON – ORATE à l’ensemble des programmes de recherche européens), tout en conservant l’objet central que constitue l’aménagement du territoire aux petites échelles.
[hal-01216591] A cognitive process of responding to a spatial survey
Date: 20 Oct 2015 - 10:29
Desc: As demonstrated by the analysis of the general results of the EuroBroadMap survey on 18 countries and 42 places of survey (Didelon & al., 2011 ; Grasland & Beauguitte, 2012; Brennetot & al., 2013 ), the declaration by students of the countries and cities where they would like to live or not like to live is governed at aggregated level by some general gravity laws. Our contribution proposes three alternative approaches for the analysis of datasets containing explicit or implicit list of places where the order of the list is eventually important. Many researches are based on such type of data containing individuals characterised by list of places with an explicit or implicit ranking. The first hypothesis is the fact that the places given by the respondents are not randomly distributed at the individual level. It means that, even if we do not consider the answers ranking, an important part of the initial information is lost when we aggregate the list proposed by individual to upper levels of social or spatial aggregation. If we ask for example 6 students of a given country to quote 3 countries among seven proposed where they would like to live, and we obtain the set of answers (A,B,C), (A,B,C), (A,B,C), (C,D,E), C,D,E), (C,D,E), we will conclude at an aggregated level that C is the most appreciated country (100% of answers contain the country C) and that A,B,D,E are equally appreciated (50% of answers). But we will lose crucial information about the fact that, out of C, answers are strongly organised by the association of answers A-B on one hand, and D-E on the other hand. If we ask now to the same students to give 3 countries where they would not like to live, with answers (D,E,F), (D,EF), (D,E,F), (A,B,F), (A,B,F), (A,B,F), it will produce the same loss of information, but we will also miss the existence of interaction between answers to both questions. To demonstrate the existence of such effects, we propose to apply a set of methods from textual analysis where each place is considered as a word, each list as a sentence and each set of lists as a paragraph. These methods are able to take into account the contextual effects at different levels and can therefore help to validate or invalidate the existence of interactions between answers, not only at the level of individual lists but also between the different lists. The second hypothesis is the existence of a non-random distribution of ranks within answers. To illustrate this approach, let’s consider the following distribution of answers to the declaration of 3 countries among 8 countries where students would like to live : (A,B,C), (A,B,E), (A,B,F), (G,H,I),(H,I,G), (I,G,H). The aggregated approach will obviously miss a lot of information by concluding to the existence of only two levels of countries (A,B,G,H,I) and (C,E,F). Textual analysis will reveal the existence of two separated cluster of associated answers (A,B,C,D,E,F) against (G,H,I).. We propose here to apply firstly network analysis methods based on the analysis of successive couples of countries, based on ranks, in order to build an oriented network (A is followed by B which is followed by C, which defines only two edges A-B and B-C, optionally completed by A-C1). The network of followers in the list of countries reveals differences between countries that were not initially visible : the cluster A,B,C,D,E is based on a structure of “tree” when cluster (G,H,I) is rather like a “clique”. The third hypothesis is the fact that distance between places of a given list is not randomly distributed. We apply here spatial analysis method in order to verify if the choice of places rank is governed or not by rules of distance or other forms of proximity (common language, contiguity, colonial relations). For this, we compare the average distance between countries of the same list according to their ranks Applying this set of methods to the results of EuroBroadMap survey demonstrate first their greet interest but also their complementarity. We suggest in conclusion extending this kind of application to different data corpuses like co-citations of countries in press articles.
[hal-01353612] Territoire, territorialité et territorialisation des événements médiatiques
Date: 12 Ago 2016 - 15:00
Desc: Les événements médiatiques constituent un objet de recherche empirique, méthodologique et théorique d’un grand intérêt pour la création d’une science des territoires. Cette communication propose trois variations de complexité croissante autour de l’application possible des notions de « territoire », « territorialité » et « territorialisation » à la description des événements médiatiques. Chacune de ces variations est illustrée par des résultats de recherche récents du projet ANR Géomédia, sur la base d’un corpus de flux RSS internationaux de journaux de langues française, anglaise et espagnole localisés dans différents pays du monde.
[hal-00214274] HyperSmooth : calcul et visualisation de cartes de potentiel interactives.
Date: 26 Feb 2008 - 19:58
Desc: Le projet de recherche Hypercarte propose un nouvel outil cartographique pour l'analyse spatiale de phénomènes sociaux économiques mettant en œuvre une méthode de calcul de potentiel. L'objectif étant de pouvoir représenter de façon continue et en changeant d'échelle d'analyse une information statistique échantillonnée sur des maillages administratifs. Le défi technologique est de fournir un outil accessible via le Web, interactif et rapide, ceci malgré le coût élevé du calcul, et qui assure la confidentialité des données. Nous présentons notre solution, ses résultats, et les améliorations que nous pourrions lui apporter.
[hal-01383180] Maillages territoriaux, Démocratie et Election.
Date: 2 Jun 2017 - 16:31
Desc: Ce recueil de proceeding regroupe les résumés des communications issus du colloque "Maillages territoriaux, Démocratie et Élection" et s’intéresse aux dimensions territoriales de la démocratisation du pouvoir politique, en particulier à la question des relations entre les maillages et la gouvernance des territoires.
[halshs-01157514] Mobile and Fatal: The EU Borders
Date: 1 Jun 2015 - 14:56
Desc: The aim of this chapter is to describe and analyze these border schemes in accordance with the questions concerning the people who die in the process of migration, and to see how these border controls are responsible – either directly or indirectly – for the deaths of migrants at the borders and how they influence the displacement of these tragedies. This chapter will also present the advantages of a quantitative approach, which is made possible by the clustering of these situations in the Mediterranean Sea. This approach allows the creation of brand new cartographic representations of what can be referred to as a ‘border hotspot’ in order to give a new perception of this border, not to be seen as a limit between two territories but rather as a space between these two zones: a completely separate space where personal stories and tragedies occur. The chapter is original in that it bases its analysis on the social, political and spatial interaction surrounding the maritime area over which the borders of the Mediterranean Sea stretch out, giving it an unprecedented complexity.
Autres contacts
U.F.R. Géographie, Histoire, Sciences de la Société (GHSS)
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8 place Paul-Ricoeur
75013 PARIS
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