Paris Interdisciplinary Energy Research Institute - LIED
Présentation
Paris Interdisciplinary Energy Research Institute debates over energy sourcing and climate protection have led to widespread interest in a coming energy transition. The PIERI has been conceived in this context of continuous growth in world energy demand and pressing environmental concerns, notably climate change.
Although the need for concerted action is widely acknowledged, research in these fields is mostly conducted on a fragmented, mono-disciplinary basis. The aim of the PIERI is to bring together researchers from sciences, technologies and the social sciences – drawn from both the public and private sectors – into a single, federative structure. Its objectives are to develop interdisciplinary perspectives on energy issues, to nurture fundamental discoveries on energy sourcing, to develop empirical applications, to promote knowledge transfer to companies, to understand societal impacts and to inform policy-making processes.
Inscription à l'IED
Researchers wishing to discuss collaborative projects are encouraged to get in touch using the following email address: lied-pieri@univ-paris-diderot.fr
Thèmes de recherche
The LIED and its international network PIERI (Paris Interdisciplinary Energy Research Institute) have been launched in the context of increased worldwide demands in energy in the face of environmental concerns, i.e. sustainable resources and impact on the climate.
The LIED favours a global approach and aims at resolving questions at the national and international level by a unique multi-disciplinary approach encompassing basic science (Biology, Chemistry, Physics, Informatics, Mathematics, Earth sciences and Engineering) as well as social sciences (Anthropology, Economics, Geography, History, Philosophy, Political sciences), whether in the academic or industrial domain.
· Objectives : Develop basic and applied science in response to the challenges of the “energy transition” with a focus on the interaction between energy, environment and climate. In the domain of biology, the LIED aims at understanding the basic mechanisms underlying energetic processes in microorganisms and in plants. It fosters applied science for the development of production and transformation of biomass.
· Methods : Biochemistry, Genetics, Genomics, Molecular and cellular biology, Bioinformatics.
. Research orientations : balancing fundamental and applied research.
The work of the PIERI is organised around four axes :
♦ Fundamental science and low-carbon energy sources ;
♦ The science and technology of energy efficiency ;
♦ Forecasting, social and economic analysis, and public policy studies ;
♦ Interdisciplinary epistemology.
The titles of first two axes already illustrate the aspiration to combine fundamental and applied research. Two complementary research groups have been established, entitled : ‘Innovative energy sources and biomaterials’ and ‘Energy transport, instabilities and fluctuations’, composed mainly of researchers from sciences and technologies, but with input from social scientists. The third axis is subdivided into six themes, which all bring together the physical and the social sciences, namely :
The geography of energy sourcing ;
The multilevel governance of energy ;
Social representation and innovation : hydrogen and other energy pathways ;
Energy efficiency and modes of consumption ;
Forecasting models and interdisciplinary convergence ;
Smart grids.
Equipes de recherche
Director : Mathieu Arnoux
Teams of the LIED (are listed those in biology pertaining to the Group Matériaux et Biomatériaux Innovants - M2BI):
Team 1 : A. Atteia (Explorer la richesse métabolique des microalgues vertes photosynthétiques)
Team 2 : A. Méjean (Exploiter la richesse et la diversité métabolique des cyanobactéries)
Team 3 : F. Bouteau (Etudier des réponses aux stress afin d’optimiser la production de biomasse)
Team 4 : P. Silar (Valorisation de la biomasse par les champignons filamenteux)
[hal-02088493] Socioeconomic differences in childhood vaccination in developed countries: a systematic review of quantitative studies
Date: 2 Apr 2019 - 23:40
Desc: Introduction: The reasons for vaccine hesitancy and its relation to individual socioeconomic status (SES) must be better understood. Areas covered: This review focused on developed countries with programs addressing major financial barriers to vaccination access. We systematically reviewed differences by SES in uptake of publicly funded childhood vaccines and in cognitive determinants (beliefs, attitudes) of parental decisions about vaccinating their children. Using the PRISMA statement to guide this review, we searched three electronic databases from January 2000 through April 2016. We retained 43 articles; 34 analyzed SES differences in childhood vaccine uptake, 7 examined differences in its cognitive determinants, and 2 both outcomes. Expert commentary: Results suggest that barriers to vaccination access persist among low-SES children in several settings. Vaccination programs could be improved to provide all mandatory and recommended vaccines 100% free of charge, in both public organizations and private practices, and to reimburse vaccine administration. Multicomponent interventions adapted to the context could also be effective in reducing these inequalities. For specific vaccines (notably for measles, mumps, and rubella), in UK and Germany, uptake was lowest among the most affluent. Interventions carefully tailored to respond to specific concerns of vaccine-hesitant parents, without reinforcing hesitancy, are needed.
[hal-03857726] Adapted or Adaptable: How to Manage Entropy Production?
Date: 17 Nov 2022 - 14:12
Desc: Adaptable or adapted? Whether it is a question of physical, biological, or even economic systems, this problem arises when all these systems are the location of matter and energy conversion. To this interdisciplinary question, we propose a theoretical framework based on the two principles of thermodynamics. Considering a finite time linear thermodynamic approach, we show that non-equilibrium systems operating in a quasi-static regime are quite deterministic as long as boundary conditions are correctly defined. The Novikov–Curzon–Ahlborn derivation applied to non-endoreversible systems then makes it possible to precisely determine the conditions for obtaining characteristic operating points. As a result, power maximization principle (MPP), entropy minimization principle (mEP), efficiency maximization, or waste minimization states are only specific modalities of system operation. We show that boundary conditions play a major role in defining operating points because they define the intensity of the feedback that ultimately characterizes the operation. Armed with these thermodynamic foundations, we show that the intrinsically most efficient systems are also the most constrained in terms of controlling the entropy and dissipation production. In particular, we show that the best figure of merit necessarily leads to a vanishing production of power. On the other hand, a class of systems emerges, which, although they do not offer extreme efficiency or power, have a wide range of use and therefore marked robustness. It therefore appears that the number of degrees of freedom of the system leads to an optimization of the allocation of entropy production.
[hal-03131078] 1202 : quatre vénitiens aux foires de Champagne
Date: 30 Dec 2022 - 16:23
Desc: [...]
[hal-03153109] Species Delimitation in the Podospora anserina/ p. pauciseta/p. comata Species Complex (Sordariales)
Date: 26 Feb 2021 - 09:54
Desc: Podospora anserina is a model ascomycete that has been used for over a century to study many biological phenomena including ageing, prions and sexual reproduction. Here, through the molecular and phenotypic analyses of several strains, we delimit species that are hidden behind the P. anserina/P. pauciseta and P. comata denomination in culture collections. Molecular analyses of several regions of the genome as well as growth characteristics show that these strains form a species complex with at least seven members. None of the traditional morphology-based characters such as ascospore and perithecium sizes or presence of setae at the neck are able to differentiate all the species, unlike the ITS barcode, mycelium growth characteristics and repartition of perithecia on the thallus. Interspecific crosses are nearly sterile and most F1 progeny is female sterile. As a result of our analyses, the taxonomy of the P. anserina complex is clarified by lecto- and epitypifications of the names P. anserina, P. pauciseta and P. comata, as well as descriptions of the new species P. bellae-mahoneyi, P. pseudoanserina, P. pseudocomata, and P. pseudopauciseta. We also report on the ability of species from this complex to form a Cladorrhinum-like asexual morph and to produce tiny sclerotium-like structures.
Autres contacts
Université Paris 7 - Paris Diderot
The members of LIED are located on 4 sites :
Bâtiment Condorcet - 10, rue Alice Domon & Léonie Duquet - 75013 Paris
Bâtiment Lamarck A - 39, rue Hélène Brion - 75013 Paris
Bâtiment Lamarck B - 35, rue Hélène Brion - 75013 Paris
Bâtiment Olype de Gouges - 8 place Paul-Ricoeur - 75013 Paris
